Towards an Integrated Mycorrhizal Technology: Harnessing Mycorrhiza for Sustainable Intensification in Agriculture

BACKGROUND Sustainability in Agriculture In order to meet future needs of a growing human population and to achieve food security in the context of climate change, food production will likely need to increase—among other measures—while at the same time minimizing negative environmental impact (Foley et al., 2011). Sustainable intensification of agriculture (Garnett et al., 2013; Pretty and Bharucha, 2014; Andres and Bhullar, 2016; Gunton et al., 2016), sometimes also called ecological intensification, is likely to include key aspects of conservation agriculture (e.g., Hobbs et al., 2008; Giller et al., 2015). Pillars of conservation agriculture (FAO, 2015) are no-till practices (Pittelkow et al., 2015), continuous crop cover (by various means, for example cover crops) and diversification practices (multi-cropping and crop rotations; Ponisio et al., 2015).